Enhance Formation of Hydroxyapatite and Corrosion Behavior Of Ti13Nb13Zr Alloy Coated with Sio2, Batio3 and Sio2 -Batio3 Composite Comparative Study

Shanai M. Al-Bayati; Hamzah K. Rustam

Authors

Shanai M. Al-Bayati PhD in Prosthodontics College of medical Techniques University of AL-Kitab
Hamzah K. Rustam MSc. In prosthodontic ministry of health, specialist dental center in Kirkuk

Keywords:

Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy, SiO₂–BaTiO₃ composite coating, Spray pyrolysis, Hydroxyapatite formation, Corrosion resistance, Simulated body fluid, Biomedical implants

Abstract

Surface modification of titanium alloys is widely employed to improve their bioactivity and corrosion resistance for biomedical implant applications. In this study, Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy samples were coated with SiO₂, BaTiO₃, and a SiO₂–BaTiO₃ composite using a spray pyrolysis technique. The coated specimens were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 30 days to evaluate their apatite-forming ability and bioactivity. The formation of hydroxyapatite and surface characteristics were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Electrochemical performance was assessed through open-circuit potential (OCP), potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results revealed successful hydroxyapatite formation on all coated surfaces, with the SiO₂–BaTiO₃ composite coating exhibiting the highest apatite-forming ability, as evidenced by increased hydroxyapatite peak intensity and a dense surface morphology. Electrochemical measurements demonstrated a significant improvement in corrosion resistance, with the composite-coated sample showing the lowest corrosion rate (1.883 × 10⁻⁵ mm·y⁻¹), a protection efficiency of 99.49%, and the highest impedance resistance after SBF immersion. The enhanced performance was attributed to the synergistic effect of SiO₂ and BaTiO₃, which promoted hydroxyapatite deposition and improved surface protection. These findings suggest that SiO₂–BaTiO₃ composite coatings deposited by spray pyrolysis are a promising surface modification approach for improving the bioactivity and corrosion resistance of Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy used in biomedical implants.

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