Immobilization of Bioactive Substances from Ferula Sumbul on the Surface of Nanoporous SiO₂ (A Review)

Sayfiddinova D. Sh.; Muhammadiev N. K.; Usmonova Kh. I.

doi:10.51699/xpjpw028

Authors

Sayfiddinova D. Sh. Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov, Uzbekistan
Muhammadiev N. K. Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov, Uzbekistan
Usmonova Kh. I. Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov, Uzbekistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51699/xpjpw028

Keywords:

Ferula sumbul, bioactive substances, nanoporous SiO₂, immobilization, nano-assembly

Abstract

This review systematizes literature data on the immobilization of bioactive compounds (coumarins, flavonoids, phenolic acids) from Ferula sumbul onto the surface of nanoporous silica (SBA-15). Three approaches are examined: physical adsorption, covalent bonding via amino-functionalization (APTES), and "nano-assembly" technology. It is reported that amino-functionalized SiO₂ enables a loading capacity of up to 140 mg/g, provides a slow release over 72 hours, and maintains antioxidant activity at a level 1.8 times higher than that of the free compounds. Studies show that the nano-assembly of F. sumbul from living cultures is 1.5 times more efficient than traditional extraction. The summarized results indicate that nanoporous SiO₂ is a promising vehicle for the stabilization and targeted delivery of phytochemicals.

References

1. Panahi M., Rezaee M. B., Jaimand K. A review of phytochemistry and phylogeny that aid bio-prospecting in the traditional medicinal plant genus Ferula L.(Apiaceae) in Iran //Journal of Medicinal plants and By-products. - 2020. - V. 9. - №. 2. - P. 133-148. https://doi.org/10.22092/jmpb.2020.123118

2. Salehi M., Naghavi M. R., Bahmankar M. A review of Ferula species: Biochemical characteristics, pharmaceutical and industrial applications, and suggestions for biotechnologists //Industrial Crops and Products. - 2019. - V. 139. - P. 111511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111511

3. Zhou, P., Takaishi, Y., Duan, H., Chen, B., Honda, G., Itoh, M., ... & Lee, K. H.. Coumarins and bicoumarin from Ferula sumbul: anti-HIV activity and inhibition of cytokine release //Phytochemistry. - 2000. - V. 53. - №. 6. - P. 689-697. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00554-3

4. Kuran F. K., Kuran E. D., Miski M. Molecular docking approach to identify Bcl-xL inhibitory effect of sesquiterpene coumarins of Ferula species //İstanbul Journal of Pharmacy. - 2025. - V. 55. - №. 1. - P. 19-31. https://doi.org/10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2025.1494255

5. Bahetjan, Y., Muhaxi, M., Pang, K., Kizaibek, M., Tang, H., Sefidkon, F., & Yang, X. Chemistry, bioactivity, and prediction of the Quality Marker (Q-Marker) of Ferula plants in China: a review //Molecules. - 2023. - V. 28. - №. 13. - P. 5191. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28135191

6. Boukhary, R. M. K., Omeiche, Z., Hijazi, M. A., Assi, A. W., Houri, T., Al Jawiche, L., ... & El-Lakany, A. Boukhary R. M. K. et al. Review on chemical constituents and biological activities of genus Ferula //BAU Journal-Health and Wellbeing. - 2024. - V. 6. - №. 1. - P. https://doi.org/10.54729/2789-8288.1200

7. Brezoiu, A. M., Prundeanu, M., Berger, D., Deaconu, M., Matei, C., Oprea, O., ... & Danciu, C. Properties of Salvia officinalis L. and Thymus serpyllum L. extracts free and embedded into mesopores of silica and titania nanomaterials //Nanomaterials. - 2020. - V. 10. - №. 5. - P. 820. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10050820

8. Murillo B. L. Aromatization of Oxygenates over Zeolite Catalysts. - 2020. https://doi.org/10.33540/191

9. Rozas, R., Ortiz, A. C., Peñaloza, S., Lizama, S., Flores, M. E., Morales, J., & Arriagada, F. Kinetic and methodological insights into hydrophilic drug release from mesoporous silica nanocarriers //Pharmaceutics. - 2025. - V. 17. - №. 6. - P. 694. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17060694

10. Qizi, D. J. N. M., Kizi, G. K. T., Tatar, I. C., Odilovna, A. R., Tuxtanazarovna, N. A., Kaljanovna, A. S., ... & Ugli, Z. Y. O. Phenolic Compounds and Flavonoids in Various Extracts of Ferula tadshikorum and Ferula sumbul Grown in vitro Conditions //Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research: IJPR. - 2025. - V. 24. - №. 1. - P. e163731. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijpr-163731

11. Kuran, F. K., Altıparmak Ülbegi, G., Arcan, G. G., Eruçar, F. M., Karavuş, Ş. N., Aksoy Sağırlı, P., ... & Miski, M. Sesquiterpene coumarins, chromones, and acetophenone derivatives with selective cytotoxicities from the roots of Ferula caspica M. Bieb.(Apiaceae) //Pharmaceuticals. - 2024. - V. 17. - №. 10. - P. 1254. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17101254

12. Sujandi, Park, S. E., Han, D. S., Han, S. C., Jin, M. J., & Ohsuna, T. Amino-functionalized SBA-15 type mesoporous silica having nanostructured hexagonal platelet morphology //Chemical communications. - 2006. - V. 42. - №. 39. - P. 4131-4133. https://doi.org/10.1039/b608463j

13. Goscianska J., Olejnik A., Nowak I. APTES-functionalized mesoporous silica as a vehicle for antipyrine–adsorption and release studies //Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. - 2017. - V. 533. - P. 187-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.07.043

14. Giraldo L., Moreno-Piraján J. C. Calorimetric Study of Mesoporous SBA‐15 Modified for Controlled Valproic Acid Delivery //Journal of Chemistry. - 2013. - V. 2013. - №. 1. - P. 267464. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/267464

15. Xu, Y., Wang, C., Zhou, G., Wu, Y., & Chen, J. Improving the controlled release of water-insoluble emodin from amino-functionalized mesoporous silica //Applied surface science. – 2012. - V. 258. - №. 17. - P. 6366-6372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.03.041

16. Khan, M. A., Fugate, M., Rogers, D. T., Sambi, J., Littleton, J. M., Rankin, S. E., & Knutson, B. L. Mechanism of mesoporous silica nanoparticle interaction with hairy root cultures during nanoharvesting of biomolecules //Advanced Biology. - 2021. - V. 5. - №. 3. - P. 2000173. https://doi.org/10.1002/adbi.202000173

17. Ciobanu, M., Pirvu, L., Paun, G., Savin, S., Albu, B. G., Munteanu, C., ... & Parvulescu, V. Development of a new (bio) hybrid matrix based on Althaea officinalis and Betonica officinalis extracts loaded into mesoporous silica nanoparticles for bioactive compounds with therapeutic applications //Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology. - 2019. - V. 51. - P. 605-613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2019.03.040

18. Kim, T., Cho, A. Y., Lee, S. W., & Lee, H. J. Controlled quercetin release by fluorescent mesoporous nanocarriers for effective anti-adipogenesis //International Journal of Nanomedicine. - 2024. - P. 5441-5458. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S463765

19. Morante-Zarcero, S., Endrino, A., Casado, N., Perez-Quintanilla, D., & Sierra, I. (2022). Evaluation of mesostructured silica materials with different structures and morphologies as carriers for quercetin and naringin encapsulation //Journal of Porous Materials. - 2022. - V. 29. - №. 1. - P. 33-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-021-01144-7

20. Prundeanu, M., Brezoiu, A. M., Deaconu, M., Gradisteanu Pircalabioru, G., Lincu, D., Matei, C., & Berger, D. Mesoporous Silica and Titania-Based Materials for Stability Enhancement of Polyphenols //Materials. - 2021. - V. 14. - №. 21. - P. 6457. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14216457