Evaluation of Interleukin-35 in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Association with Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Parameters

Sabah Ahmed Nayef

doi:10.51699/cajmns.v7i4.3369

Authors

Sabah Ahmed Nayef Ministry of Education / Salah al-Din Education Directorate / Ashur Education Department.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51699/cajmns.v7i4.3369

Keywords:

Interleukin-35, oxidative stress, SOD, CRP

Abstract

The research samples were gathered from January to March of 2025. Ninety blood samples from both ill and healthy people were used in the investigation. These were split into two groups: the first group included sixty serum blood samples from male and female patients with type 2 diabetes who were between the ages of 35 and 65. Thirty serum blood samples from seemingly healthy men and women between the ages of 35 and 55 made up the second group. Specialist doctors made clinical diagnoses for every instance of diabetes. The results showed a significant decrease in the levels of both interleukin-35 and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the type 2 diabetes group (1.954 ± 0.196 and 3.959 ± 0.203, respectively) compared to the control group at a probability level of 0.0001. Conversely, the results showed a significantly elevated level of the oxidative stress index, malondialdehyde (MDA), in diabetic patients (4.781 ± 1.396) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (7.072 ± 0.598) compared to the control group, with a high level of statistical significance (P ≤ 0.0001). Additionally, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were significantly higher in diabetic patients compared to healthy individuals.

The discriminating ability of the investigated biomarkers in distinguishing between diabetes patients and healthy persons was also assessed using receptor operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The findings demonstrated that every variable under investigation had the best discriminatory and diagnostic powers.

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