Comparison of The Stopping Power of the Proton and Alpha Particle in Some Elements

Zaid M. Nuri; Abdulla Z. Nuri; Dheyab T. Noori; Sabah Mahmoud Aman Allah

Authors

Zaid M. Nuri Ministry of Education, General Directorate of Education of Salah al-Din, Amarli Education Department, Iraq
Abdulla Z. Nuri Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Tikrit University, College of Education, Tuz Khurmatu, Iraq
Dheyab T. Noori Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Tikrit University, College of Education, Tuz Khurmatu, Iraq
Sabah Mahmoud Aman Allah Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Kirkuk University, College of Education for Pure Sciences, Iraq

Keywords:

Alpha Particle, ASTAR, Bethe-Bloch Formula, Proton, PSTAR, Stopping Power

Abstract

This paper presents the results of stopping power for protons and alpha particles incident with range of kinetic energies (5-50 ) MeV on the elements: Beryllium, Aluminum, Titanium, and Copper. We used the relatively corrected Bethe-Bloch formula to calculate stopping power values for the selected target materials. The results of the modified or corrected Bethe-Bloch formula were compared with the values established in the (PSTAR and ASTAR) databases.It is clear that the stopping power of the proton and the alpha particle depends on the two relativistic variables, the Lorentz factor (γ) and beta (β). Slight differences were observed in the stopping power values for the elements as a whole at the lowest energy of (5 MeV), due to the decrease in the effect of the relativistic factor (β). The calculated stopping power values agree well with the values fixed in the (PSTAR & ASTAR) codes when the energy values gradually increase until they reach their highest value of (50 MeV). From the above, it is clear to us that the Bethe-Bloch formula for stopping power decreases with increasing kinetic energy of the incoming particle, and it is increases with increasing square of charge of the incoming particle. For example, from Tables (2,3) at the energy of (50 MeV) for the Aluminum element, we note that the stopping power for a proton is (9.68372 (MeV.cm^2)/g) and for an alpha particle is (115.6153 (MeV.cm^2)/g). It is clear that the largest percentage error when a proton falls with an energy of (5 MeV) on Copper is equal to (5.38%), while the lowest percentage error was for the element Titanium is equal to (0.07%) and at an energy of (10 MeV). The highest percentage error was when an alpha particle falls on the element Beryllium which is equal to (7.45%) at an energy of (5 MeV). While the lowest percentage error was for the element Titanium is equal to (0.02%) at an energy of (45 MeV).

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