Functional Dyspepsia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Modern Approaches to Diagnosis and Management (A Clinical Observational Study)

Abstract

One of the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorders found in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is functional dyspepsia (FD), which has a great impact on quality of life and clinical outcomes. The aim of the study was to conduct research on the clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, and treatment of functional dyspepsia in patients with T2DM in real clinical practice. An observational study was planned to be conducted during the year 2024-2025, involving 145 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It was conducted at the Andijan State Medical Institute, the Endocrinology Department of the Andijan City Hospital, ASMI Clinic Diagnostic Department, and Zam-Zam Diagnostic Center. The diagnosis of functional dyspepsia was made based on Rome IV criteria after the elimination of organic gastrointestinal pathology by esophagogastroduodenoscopy and abdominal ultrasonography. Laboratory indicators and clinical symptoms, such as fasting blood glucose and HbA1c, were assessed. The findings indicated that functional dyspepsia was very common among T2DM patients. Postprandial fullness (82.7%), early satiety (74.5%), abdominal bloating (68.9%), and epigastric pain (63.4%) were the most frequent symptoms. The average level of HbA1c was 8.2 +1.3, which shows that there is inadequate glycemic control. It was evident that there was a correlation between elevated HbA1c levels and the severity of dyspeptic symptoms. After complex therapy such as glycemic optimization, prokinetic therapy and dietary modification, 71.0% of the patients showed significant clinical improvement.