A Survey Study of The Infection of Hydatidosis in Animals Slaughtered in Arbil Slaughter for The Year 2021

Raad abd Alhamid abd Algany abd  Alkarim

doi:10.51699/cajmns.v7i1.3075

Authors

Raad abd Alhamid abd Algany abd Alkarim Biology / Zoology Nineveh Education Directorate, Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51699/cajmns.v7i1.3075

Keywords:

Prevalence, Hydatidosis, Arbil slaughter house, Arbil, Iraq

Abstract

A survey was conducted at the Arbil slaughterhouse to assess the prevalence of hydatid cysts among slaughtered animals from January 1, 2021, to June 30, 2021. The slaughtered animals comprised local breeds of both sexes (male and female), varying ages, and originating from different regions within the Arbil governorate. The identification of hydatid cyst lesions involved gross examination through visual inspection and palpation by hand. The study sample encompassed 67,568 sheep, 26,350 goats, and 10,187 cattle. The morbidity rate of hydatidosis was 1.79% (1,672 out of 93,125) across all slaughtered animals, with rates of 3.61% in sheep, 1.34% in cattle, and 1.25% in goats. The highest overall infection rate in slaughtered animals occurred in spring (3.38%), while the lowest was in winter (1.30%). The study revealed that the highest infection rates of hydatidosis in sheep, goats, and cattle were observed in Arbil (5.52%, 2.35%, and 2.29%, respectively). Additionally, the morbidity rate for lung cysts was 1.21%, with rates of 2.18% in sheep, 0.78% in goats, and 0.72% in cattle. Liver cysts had a morbidity rate of 0.67%, with rates of 1.05% in sheep, 0.51% in goats, and 0.44% in cattle.

References

A. M. A. Al-Khafaji, Study of the pathological and biochemical changes of hydatid cysts in humans, cattle and sheep in the city of Diwaniyah, M.S. thesis, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, 2006.

H. M. Al-Mayali, A sero-epidemiological study of hydatid disease in Basra Governorate (southern Iraq), Ph.D. dissertation, College of Education, University of Basra, 1997.

S. H. Antar, Statistical Analysis in Scientific Research and the SAS Program. Mosul, Iraq: Dar Ibn Al-Atheer for Printing and Publishing, 2010.

M. I. Arafa, Hydatid cyst disease in humans and animals. Animal Health Research Institute, Egypt, 2009.

M. Baban, A Study of the Epidemiology of Hydatid Cysts in Tamim, Diyala and Dhi Qar, M.S. thesis, College of Education, Salahuddin University, 1990.

B. B. Babero, M. A. Al-Dabbagh, A. S. Al-Saffar, and F. M. Ali, “The zoonosis of animal parasites in Iraq. VIII—Hydatid disease,” Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, vol. 57, pp. 499–510, 1963.

D. D. Bowman, Georgis’ Parasitology for Veterinarians, 9th ed. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier, 2009.

Directorate Agricultural Information Service (DAIS), Hydatid Disease (Echinococcosis) Caused by Tapeworm. South Africa, 2002, pp. 1–5. [Online]. Available: www.nda.agric.za/publications

J. Eckert, M. A. Gemmell, F. X. Meslin, and Z. S. Pawlowski, WHO/OIE Manual on Echinococcosis in Humans and Animals: A Public Health Problem of Global Concern. Paris, France: World Organisation for Animal Health, 2001.

N. Guralp, Helmintoloji, 2nd ed. Ankara, Turkey: Ankara University Press, 1981.

M. A. Hassan, Parasitological and Immuno-Serological Studies on Some Parasitic Infections of the Human Liver, M.S. thesis, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, 1996.

C. Himonas, S. Frydas, and K. Antoniadou-Sotiriadou, “The fertility of hydatid cysts in food animals in Greece,” Helminth Zoonoses, vol. 3, pp. 12–21, 1987.

M. T. Jarjees and H. S. Al-Bakri, “Incidence of hydatidosis in slaughtered livestock at Mosul,” Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 21–25, 2012.

M. A. Kadir and S. A. Rasheed, “Prevalence of some parasitic helminths among slaughtered ruminants in Kirkuk slaughterhouse,” Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 81–85, 2008.

K. Z. Khalil, “A survey study of the incidence of hydatid disease in animals slaughtered in Al-Najaf,” Kufa Journal of Veterinary Medical Sciences, vol. 2, no. 1, 2010.

J. Kaufmann, Parasitic Infections of Animals. Tehran, Iran: Tehran University Press, 2003, p. 179.

M. W. Lightowlers, M. D. Rickard, R. D. Honey, D. L. Obendorf, and G. F. Mitchell, “Serological diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus infection in sheep using cyst fluid antigen processed by antibody affinity chromatography,” Australian Veterinary Journal, vol. 61, pp. 101–108, 1984.

S. S. Mahmoud and B. M. Al-Janabi, “Hydatid disease in children and youth in Mosul,” Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, vol. 77, pp. 327–329, 1983.

A. I. Molan and I. S. A. Saeed, “Survey of hepatic and pulmonary helminths and cestode larvae in goats and cows of Erbil province,” Journal of Agriculture and Water Resources, pp. 105–114, 1988.

S. K. Mubarak, Epidemiological and Serological Study in Sheep, Cattle and Camels, M.S. thesis, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, 1987.

N. Noorjah, Economic Damages of Hepatic Parasites, Ph.D. dissertation, Faculty of Health, University of Tehran, 2004.

V. S. Pandey, K. Ouhelli, and A. Handmoumen, “Epidemiology of hydatidosis/echinococcosis in Ouarzazate, the pre-Saharian region of Morocco,” Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, vol. 82, pp. 461–470, 1988.

S. Taghizadeh and H. Hoshiar, “Evaluation of economic damages of human hydatidosis in two Tehran hospitals,” in Proc. 4th Iranian Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases Congress, 2003, pp. 83–87.