Review Article: The Effect of Plant Extracts on Vegetative Growth and Plant Productivity
Abstract
Plant extracts have been recognized as natural sources for bioactive substances (phenols, flavonoids, terpenes, and alkaloids), which likely have serious potential to promote the vegetative growth of plants. Several investigations have reported that application of plant extracts can positively influence the increase of vegetative growth, the induction of photosynthetic activity and nutrient uptake, the drought tolerance and the replacement for use of chemical components, and the resistance to environmental stresses. For the purposes of this review, it is the use of plants oils and its implications on the growth of plants.
References
Abdel-Rahman, M., et al. (2021). Plant extracts as eco-friendly biostimulants for sustainable agriculture. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 40(3), 1230–1245.
Abou-El-Hassan, S., Metwaly, A. H., & AL-Ayat, M. (2020). Efficiency of potassium and calcium compounds in gel formula to control early blight disease, improve productivity, and shelf life of potato. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research, 98(1), 154–168.
Abd El-Gawad, H. G., Abu El-Azm, N. A. I., & Hikal, M. S. (2017). Effect of potassium silicate on tuber yield and biochemical constituents of potato plants grown under drought stress conditions. Middle East Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(3), 718–731.
Atia, M. M. M. (2005). Induction of resistance to Alternaria leaf blight (Alternaria cucumerina) in melon plants by Dl-ß-amino-n-butyric acid. Journal of Environmental Research, 6, 85–104.
Ali, H., Khan, E., & Ilahi, I. (2019). Environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology of hazardous heavy metals: Environmental persistence, toxicity, and bioaccumulation. Hindawi Journal of Chemistry, 2019, 6730305. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6730305
Dissanayake, C. B., & Chandrajith, R. (2009). Phosphate mineral fertilizers, trace metals and human health.
Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka, 37(3), 153–165.
Wang, D., Dang, Z., Feng, H., & Wang, R. (2015). Distribution of anthropogenic cadmium and arsenic in arable land soils of Hainan, China. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 97(3–4), 402–408.
Sharma, A., et al. (2020). Role of natural plant extracts in improving growth, physiology, and yield of crops: A review. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 176, 104074.
Calvo, P., et al. (2019). Agricultural biostimulants and plant growth: A review. Plant and Soil, 435, 1–19. Rouphael, Y., & Colla, G. (2020). Biostimulants in agriculture. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 40.
Lin, G., Guo, T., Lin, W., Fan, H., Guo, L., Zhang, Z., Li, B., Wang, J., Ji, H., Song, W., & Fu, J. (2025). Machine learning accelerated screening advanced single-atom anchored MXenes electrocatalyst for nitrogen fixation. ACS Catalysis, 15(15), 13534–13548. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.4c06914
Wang, Z., Yang, J., Yong, M., Zeng, X., Tebyetekerwa, M., Sun, K., Bie, C., Xing, C., & Wang, H. (2025). From layered crystals to permselective membranes: History, fundamentals, and opportunities. Chemical Reviews, 125(14), 6753–6818. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5c00025
You, X., Yin, P., Zhang, K., Fu, H., Song, F., Yu, S., Tang, Z., Yang, C., Wei, S., Meng, Q., Jing, Q., & Liu, B. (2025). DFT investigation on transition-metal Cr-, Mo-, and W-doped MXene Nb₂CO₂ nanosheets: Implications for high-performance H₂, CO, and H₂S gas sensors. ACS Applied Nano Materials, 8(28), 13993–14005. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.5c01022
Ngo, H. T. T., Gerstmann, S., & Frank, H. (2011). Subchronic effects of environment-like cadmium levels on the bivalve Anodonta anatina (Linnaeus 1758): III. Effects on carbonic anhydrase activity in relation to calcium metabolism. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 93(9), 1815–1825.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fatima Karim Khudair Alasadi, Mayes Ahmed Kadhim, Dhiea M. Alnessrioy, Rokan Hazem Hamad, Fatima Radi Kazem

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.



