Outcomes of Supracondylar Humeral Fracture Fixation in Pediatric Patients: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract
Supracondylar humeral fractures are common elbow fractures in children, a major concern in pediatric orthopedics. Management is crucial for maintaining function and preventing deformity. Various fixation techniques are used for optimal outcomes. To synthesize current knowledge on the various fixation techniques used for supracondylar humeral fractures in the pediatric population, focusing on outcomes, healing rates, and complication profiles associated with each method. This review explores literature on fixation of supracondylar humeral fractures in children, comparing pinning techniques, external fixation, and conservative management. It assesses the efficacy of different fixation methods in terms of anatomical and functional outcomes, healing time, and complications. Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning are widely accepted techniques for bone healing, elbow function, and low complication rates. Variations in pin configurations, such as crossed or lateral pinning, have their advantages and risks. External fixation and open reduction are less commonly required but are indicated in specific contexts, such as severely displaced fractures or when closed reduction is unsuccessful. Long-term outcomes generally show excellent functional recovery, with most children regaining full or near-full range of motion and strength.
The management of supracondylar humeral fractures in pediatric patients is crucial for optimal healing and functional recovery. Closed reduction with percutaneous pinning is the cornerstone, with fixation techniques tailored to individual fracture characteristics and surgeon expertise. Further research is encouraged for better understanding.
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